Sobriquets (Person)

Sobriquets (Person)

1. Dadabhai Nuroji is known as 'Grand Old Man of India' who is called as 'Grand Old Man of South India'?

a) Kamaraj

b) S.Subrahmaniam Ayyar

c) E.V. Rama Swamy Nayakar

d) C.N. Anna Durai

2. In the Following given Sobriquets-Persons, Which is the Wrongly matched pair?

a) Frontier  Gandhi - Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan

b) Mahamanaya - Madan Mohan Malaviya

c) Indian Father of Turmoil - Sardar Vallabhai Patel

d) Grand Old Man of India - Dadabhai Nouroji

3.Mohammad Ali Jinnah has the sobriquet of 'Quid-E-Ajam'. Then who has the sobriquet of 'Quad-E-Avvam'?

a) Julfikar Ali Bhutto

b) Aagha Khan

c) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan

d) Rahamathulla

4. Who has the sobriquets, "Indian Demostanse", and "Silver tongued", in the following ?

a) Gadicharla Harisarvothama Rao

b) Surendranath Benarji

c) Komarraju  Laxmana Rao

d) Devendranath Tagore

5. E.V. Rama Swamy Nayakar has the sobriquet of 'Periyar'. Then who has the sobriquet of 'Anna'?

a) N.T. Rama Rao                         b) Kamaraj

c) C.N. Annadurai                        d) Duggirala Gopala Krishnaiah

6. Who is called as 'Lion of Kashmir'?

a) Shaik Abdullah                      b) Farook Abdullah

c) Fakruddin Ahmad                 d) Jakir Abdullah.

7. Who is known as 'Indian Machiavalli ?

a) Samudra Gupta                     b) Acharya Nagarjuna 

c) Koutilya                                d) Dayananda Saraswathi

8. Who has sobriquets "People's Poet" and "New age Pioner"?

a) Gurajada Appa Rao

b) Kandukuri Veeresha Lingam Pantulu

c) Kokkonda Venkata Ratnam Pantulu

d) Parvathaneni Veeraiah Chowdari

9. If Konda Venkatappalah is called 'Desha Bhakta', then who is called as 'Deshoddharaka'?

a) Thummalapalli Seetharama Murthi

b) Kashinathuni Negeswara Rao

c) Tripuraneni Rama Swami Chowdari

d) Kandukuri Veeresha Lingam Pantulul

10. Who addressed 'M.K. Gandhi' as "Mahatma"?

a) Subhash Chandra Bose

b) Rabindranath Tagore

c) Jawaharlal Nehru

d) C.R. Das

11. Which of the following is wrongly matched?

a) Prajakavi, New Age Pioneer-Kandukuri Veeresha Lingam

b) Father of Andhra - Madapati Hanumantha Rao

c) Deshoddharaka - Kashinadhuni Nageswara Rao

d) Deshbhakta - Konda Venkatappaiah

12. Who is Famous an 'Indian Luther'?

a) Raja Rammohan Rai

b) Swamy Dayananada Saraswathi

c) Dadabhai Nouroji

d) Surendranath Benarji

13. Who is known as 'Punjab Kesari'?

a) Bala Gangadhara Tilak 

b) Bipin Chandra Pal

c) Lala Lajpat Rai

d) Bhagat Singh

14. Who is Praised as 'Father of Andhra'?

a) Potti Sri Ramulu

b) Duggirala Gopala Krishnaiah

c) Madapati Hanumantha Rao

d) C. Rajagopala Chari

15. What is the Soberiquet of Samudra Gupta?

a) Indian Napolean                  b) Great Camonner

c) Indian Machiavelli              d) Indian Alexander

16. Who Praised Mahatma Gandhi as 'Father of Nation'?

a) Rabindranath Tagore

b) Bhagat Singh

c) Subhash Chandra Bose

d) Jawaharlal Nehru

17. Who is known as 'Little Corporal'?

a) Adolf Hitler                         b) Napolean Bonaparte

c)William E. Gladstone           d) None of these

18. Who is known as the 'Saint of the gutters?

a) B.R. Ambedkar                 b) Mother Teresa

c) Mahatma Gandhi              d) Baba Amite

19. Who is known as Indian Bismarck ?

a) Nehru                     b) Rajaji

c) Patel                       d) Kamraj


Answers:- 1. b)  2. c)  3. a)  4. b)  5. c)  6. a)  7. c)  8. a)  9. b)  
10. b)  11. a)  12. b)  13. c)  14. c)  15. a)  16. c)  17. b)  18. b)  19. c)

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Sobriquets (Places)

Sobriquets (Places)

1. Where is the 'Isle of Pearls'?

a) Thailand                       b) Bahrain

c) Japan                            d) Switzerland

2. 'Roof of the World' is................?

a) Pamirs                             b) Prayaries

c) Himalayas                       d) Mount Everest 

3. Where is the 'Holy Land' of the World?

a) Amritsar                         b) Vatican

c) Palestine                         d) Egypt

4. Which Country is called the 'land of the Rising Sun'?

a) Japan                               b) Norway

c) Ireland                            d) Thailand

5. Where is the 'Playground of Europe'?

a) Belgium                      b) Switzerland

c) Los Angles                 d) None of these

6. Which is ' Forbidden City'?

a) Lhasa                  b) Ireland

c) Palestine             d) Vatican

7. Which is the 'City of Seven Hills'?

a) Himalayas                 b) Rome

c) Venice                       d) Mumbai

8. Which Place is called the 'Cockpit of Europe?

a) South-hall                   b) Bangalore 

c) Belgium                      d) Kent

9. Australia is known as the:

a) Land of Golden Fleece

b) Dependent Continent 

c) South Europe 

d) Richest Island

10. Which is the "City of Palaces"?

a) London                    b) Kolkata

c) Patiala                     d) Lucknow

11. Which is known as the "Eternal City"?

a) Amritsar                       b) Jerualem

c) Rome                           d) Palestine

12. 'Sick Man of Europe' is a Sobriquet of:

a) Turkey                       b) France 

c) South-hall                  d) Berlin

13. Which of the following is known as the 'City of Golden Gate'?

a) Amritsar in India

b) London in England

c) San Francisco in USA

d) San Francisco in Australia

14. 'Pillars of Hercules' is the nickname of:

a) Venice                 b) Stratis of Gibraltar

c) Natal                   d) None of these

15. Which is the 'World's loneliest Island?

a) Australia                  b) Tristan De Cunha

c) Nicobar                   d) Ivory Coast

16. Which of the following Country in known as 'Land of the Thunder Bolt'?

a) Taiwan                  b) Tibet

c) Bhutan                  d) Japan

17. Which City is called 'White City' Of Rajasthan:

a) Jaipur                       b) Jodhpur

c) Udaipur                   d) None of these

18. Which of the Following cities was known earlier as ' Pearl of the Antiles'?

a) Mumbai                 b) Cuba

c) Manila                   d) Shanghai


Answer:- 1. b)  2. a)  3. c)  4. a)  5. b)  6. a)  7. b)  8. c)  9. a)  10. b)  11. c)  12. a)  13. c)  14. b)  15. b)  16. c)  17. c)  18. b) 

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World's Superlatives

World's Superlatives

1. What is the biggest (in Areawise) country in the world?

a) China                  b) Canada

c) USA                    d) Russia

2. World's biggest pure water lake, 'Lake Superior' is situated in which country?

a) Russia                 b) Canada-USA

c) Brazil                  d) India

3. Which is the largest city (in Areawise) in the world?

a) New York             b) London

c) Tokyo                   d) Paris

4. Which is the largest Peninsula in the world?

a) South India                  b) Alaska 

c) Labrador                      d) Paris

5. Which is the longest river in the world?

a) Nile                          b) Amazon

c) Missisipi                   d) Volga

6. Which is the longest railway platform in the World?

a) Howra (India)

b) Kharagpur (India)

c) Vladi Vostak (Russia)

d) New York (U.S.A.)

7. Where is the world's largest solar electricity centre being built?

a) Oslo (Norway)

b) Tripoli (Libia)

c) Musket (Oman)

d) Moura (Portugal)

8. According to the reported by United Nations which is the World's highly populated city?

a) Tokyo                           b) Mexico City

c) New York                     d) Mumbai

9. On which river, China built World's biggest dam 'Three Gorges dam'?

a) Yangtze                         b) Hoyang Ho

c) Huan                             d) Mekong.

10. Where was the World's Highest and the Asia's longest 'Cable Car Porject' Built?

a) Ananth Nag                     b) Pahal Gao

c) Gulmarg                          d) Amarnath

11. In Which Country, the World's longest (9438 km) 'Trans Siberian Railway' is situated?

a) China                             b) Russia

c) U.S.A.                           d) Cananda.

12. Which is the biggest place in the world?

a) Saudi Amir Palace

b) Narayana hitha bhavan (Nepal)

c) Brunai Palace

d) Elsie Palace

13. Which is the biggest Library in the world?

a) United States library of Chennai( India)

c) Soviet Union Library of Congress (Russia)

d) None of the above.

14. In which country is the world's tallest water fall, "Angel water fall" situated?

a) Laos                        b) Tibet

c) Canada                   d) Venezuela

15. If World's highest rainfull registered is India's 'Masinram', then which is the hottest place?

a) Tripoli (Libia)

b) Al Ajijia (Libia)

c) Dokker(Senegal)

d) Lusaka (Zambia)

16. Which is the first Country to give right to vote for women?

a) Island                                           b) India

c) New Zealand                               d) U.S.A.

17. Which is the world's biggest Port City?

a) Washington                             b) New York

c) Tokyo                                      d) London.

18. Which is the world's highest dam?

a) New Cronelia Tailings

b) Rohunsky 

c) Aswan Dam

d) Grand Dixence 

19. Where is the World's largest railway station?

a) Japan                       b) England 

c) USA                        d) Russia

Answer:- 1. d)  2. b)  3. b)  4. d)  5. a)  6. b)  7. d)  8. a)  9. a)  10. c)  11. b)  12. c)  13. a)  14. d)  15. b)  16. c)  17. b)  18. b)  19. c)

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India's Superlatives

India's Superlatives

1.In which state is India's largest Petrochemical complex situated?

a) Maharashtra                          b) Gujarat 

c) Asom                                     d) Bihar

2. In which state is the biggest waterfall, "Jog water fall" is situated?

a) Uttrakhand                        b) Maharashtra

c) Tamil Nadu                       d) Karnataka

3. In which city is India's biggest library "National Library" situated?

a) Chennai                              b) Mumbai

c) Delhi                                  d) Kolkata

4. In which state is India's biggest dome, "Gol Gumbaj", situated?

a) Karnataka                        b) Maharashtra

c) Madhya Pradesh              d) Bihar

5. In which state is India's biggest 'Jawahar Tunnel" situated?

a) Himachal Pradesh             b) Goa

c) Jammu-Kashmir                d) Maharashtra

6. Which is India's amost ancient Foot ball Tournament?

a) Rovers Cup                         b) Santosh Trophy

c) I.F.A. Sheild                        d) Durand Cup

7. Which is India's Longest dam?

a) Bhakra (on Satluz River)

b) Nagarujuna Sagar ( on Krishna River)

c) Hirakud (on Mahanadi)

d) Kosi dam (on Kosi River)

8. India's Oldest church "Saint Thomas Church" Situated in?

a) Goa                                b) Kerala

c) West Bengal                  d) Asom

9. Which is the first metropolitan city in India, where the street lights are powered by Solar electricity?

a) Kolkata                             b) Delhi

c) Bangalore                         d) Mumbai

10. Which is the police station that is first to get ISO recognisation in India?

a) Midnapur Police Station

b) Udaypur Police Station

c) Jeedimetla Police Station

d) Chitrakut Police Station

11. Which is India's City to get first Wireless internet connectivity service?

a) Mysore                              b) Bangalore

c) Delhi                                 d) Chandigarh

12. Where in India the first 'Yoga University' is established?

a) Delhi                                 b) Amarnath

c) Haridwar                          d) Jaipur

13. Which is the district in the world that created the record of being established first time to have complete E-network?

a) Malappuram (Kerala)

b) Coimbattore (Tamil Nadu)

c) East Godavari (A.P.)

d) Kharagpur (West Bengal)

14. In India which is the first district the got I.T. District status?

a) Malappuram                           b) Thrisur

c) Pattanam Thidha                    d) Palakkad

15. Which is the first village to have Solar electric lights?

a) Roorky (Uttranchal)

b) Panna (Madhya Pradesh)

c) Chaglokm Sar( Jammu Kashmir)

d) Javar (Rajasthan)

16. Which is the first ancient oil refinery to be discovered in 1835 in India?

a) Madhura ( Uttar Pradesh)

b) Digboy (Asom)

c) Halidya (West Bengal)

d) Panipat (Haryana)

17. In India which is the highy populated city?

a) Kolkata                               b) Mumbai

c) Delhi                                   d) Kanpur

18. In which city in India are biggest Botanical garden and the biggest Plantorium situated?

a) Kolkata                                b) Hydrabad

c) Mumbai                               d) Jaipur

19. The longest passenger rail route in India links 

a) Tiruvananthapuram and Jammu Tawi

b) Tiruvananthapuram and Guwahati

c) Jammu Tawi and Guwahati

d) Dibrugarh to Kanyakumari- Vivek Express

20. The oldest Hindu epic is

a) Ramayana                    b) Mahabharata

c) Mahabhasya                d) Ashtadhyayi

21. The Biggest port in India is

a) Cochin                          b) Calcutta

c) Mumbai                        d) Vishakhapatnam

Answer:- 1. b)   2. d)  3. d)  4. a)  5. c)  6. d)  7. c)  8. b)  9. a)  
10. a)  12. c)  13. a)  14. d)  15. c)  16. b)  17. b)  18. a)  19. d)  20. a)  21. c)

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Important Days

Important Days

1. Navy Day is observed on

a) Dec. 4         b) Oct. 28

c) Nov. 7         d) Nov. 14

2. India celebrated February 28 every years as 'National Science Day' because on this day

a) In 1928 C.V. Raman discovered what was later called the 'Raman Effect'

b) First Indian Space craft was launched

c) Vikram Sarabhai was born 

d) Nehru laid the foundation of Science laboratories all over India.

3. National Voters Day was celebrated for the first time all over the country on

a) Jun, 1, 2010          b) Jan,24, 2011

c) Oct, 20, 2010        d) Jan, 25, 2011

4. National Integration Day is celebrated on 

a) Nov. 19                  b) Oct. 4

c) Oct. 31                   d) Nov. 14

5. 20th August is celebrated as 

a) No Tobacco Day        b) September 16

c) Sadbhavana Divas     d) None of these 

6. Which of the following days is celebrated as International Ozone Day?

a) September 14            b) September 16

c) September 28            d) October 5

7. International Women's Day is observed on 

a) 3rd March                b) 8th March 

c) 27th January            d) 15 October 

8. May 8 is observed as 

a) World Standards Day                    b) World Red Cross Day

c) World Telecommunications Day

d) Commonwealth Day

9. The birth anniversary of which of the following leaders in India is observed as Children's Day?

a) Smt. Indira Gandhi                  b) Mahatma Gandhi 

c) S. Radha Krishan                     d) Jawaharlal Nehru

10. January 15 is celebrated as the 

a) Army Day               b) Makar Sankranti 

c) Republic Day          d) Ugadi
\
11. World  Literacy Day is observed on 

a) Oct. 24                b) Sep. 5

c) Dec, 4                 d) Aug. 6

12. World Human Rights Day is observed on 

a) Apr. 8                b) Sep. 5

c) Dec. 10              d) Dec. 7

13. On which day is the World Population Day observed?

a) May 31               b) July 11

c) Oct. 4                 d) Dec. 10

14. The World Environment Day is celebrated on

a) June 5                b) April 7

c) August 6            d) June 16

15. The birth anniversary of which of the following is observed as the Teacher's Day

a) Zakir Hussain         b) Ashutosh Mukherjee 

c) C.V. Raman            d) S. Radhakrishnan

16. The World Consumer Rights Day is being observed on 

a) 20th December          b) 15th March

c) 28th December          d) 31th December 

17. The Government has decided to celebrate the Pravasi Bhartiya Divas every year on a day on which Mahatma Gandhi returned to India from South Africa. When is Pravasi Bhartiya Divas celebrated?

a) October 30           b) June 17

c) January 9             d) April 27

18. India Celebrated December 23 every year as Kisan Divas (Farmer's day) because on this day

a) Fromer Prime Minister Charan Singh birth anniversary

b) Birth anniversary of Lal Bahadur Shastri

c) Birth anniversary of M.S. Swaminathan

d) None of the above

19. Legal Service day is observed on 9th November. In the same way 'Law day' is observed every year on while day?

a) November 22                 b) October 14

c) November 26                  d) April 12

20. On which day is the National Education day (birth anniversary of Moulana Abul Kalam Azad) celebrated ?

a) November 11              b) August 14

c) March 22                    d) January 12

21. On October 2 which of the following day is observed ?

a) Gandhi Jayanti                    b) World Animal Day

c) World Vegetarian Day        d) All of the above 

22. World Tourism Day is celebrated on 

a) Sept. 12                    b) October 30

c) Sept. 27                    d) August 5

23. Rose day (Welfare of Cancer Patients) is observed on ?

a) March 10               b) September 22

c) January 10             d) April 26

24. Every Year June 3rd Sunday is celebrated as

a) Mother's Day               b) Father's Day

c) Child labour eradication day

d) World Sight Day

25. World Leprosy Eradication day and Mrtyr's Day (Mahatma Gandhi death anniversary) are observed on ?

a) October 2             b) January 31

c) January 30           d) October 19

26. Which of the following is wrongly matched?

a) World TB day - March 24

b) Mother's day - May 2nd Sunday

c) Commonwealth day - May 24

d) Quit India day - August 8

27. Anti-terrorism day (death anniversary of Rajiv Gandhi) observed on?

a) May 21                 b) March 21

c) August 20             d) November 19

28. On Which date 'Rose Day' celebrated?

a) March 21                 b) January 21

c) February 21              d) December 21

29. Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place on which day

a) April 13                 b) April 22

c) March 22               d) March 13

Answer 

1. a)  2. a)  3. d)  4. a)  5. c)  6. b)  7. b)  8. b)  9. d)  10. a)  11. c) 12. c)  13. b)  14. a)  15. d)  16.b)  17. c)  18. a)  19. c)  20. a)  21. d)  22. c)  23. b)  24. b)  25. c)  26. d)  27. a)  28. c)  29. a) 

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Heritages Sites, 7 Wonders & Phobias

Heritages Sites, 7 Wonders & Phobias

1. ‘Great Pyramid’ of Egypt being of the seven wonders of Ancient is 137 meters heights. How many acres did is spread over ?

a) 10 acres b) 15 acres

c) 13 acres d) 11 acres

Answer c) 13 acres.

2. Where are the Hanging gardens built in 6th century B.C. by Nebujad Nejjar-2 ?

a) Bodylonia (Iraq) b) Babylonia (Iraq)

c) Alexandria (Egypt) d) Alexandria (Greece)

Answer a) Bodylonia (Iraq)

3. Where is the temple of Artemis (Diana)

a) Phidias b) William Hogarth

c) Sanjio Raffelle d) Paul Sejanne

Answer  a) Phidias

4. Which is the correctly matched pair of places once considered as seven wonders of ancient times ?

a) Alexandria light house –Egypt

b) Road Kollajus-Greece

c) Tomb of Mow Sollen-Turkey

d) All of Above

Answer  d) All of Above

5. If the diametre of ‘Pisa tower’ built in “Pisa” city of Italy is 15.5 metres, then what is its length?

a) 45 mts       b)55 mts

c) 35 mts      d)15 mts

Answer  b)55 mts

6. Which of the following places is correctly matched with wonders of the world?

a) Stone Heinz-Wilt shire (London)

b) Temple of carnik-Egypt

c) Vatican Palace-Rome (Italy)

d) All the above

Answer  d) All of Above

7. Which Among the following is not listed among the Seven Wonders of the World by Antipater?

a) The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

b) The Pharos of Alexandria

c) The Great Wall of China

d) The Colossus of Rhodes

Answer c) The Great Wall of China

8. What is the approximate length of the Great Wall of China?

a) 2000 km b) 2500 km

c) 3000 km d) 3460 km 

Answer d) 3460 km 

9. The Leaning Tower is located in 

a) Germany b) Italy

c) France d) Paris

Answer b) Italy

10. Which of the following Indian Sites are not listed in UNESCO World Heritage Centres?

a) Sun Temple (Konark)

b) Manasa Wildlife Sanctuary (Asom)

c) Buddhist Monument at Sanchi

d) Charminar at Hyderabad

Answer d) Charminar at Hyderabad

11. The only one Railway Station listed to UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the World is that?

a) Kharagpur Railway Station (West Bengal)

b) Chhartrapati Shivaji Terminus (Mumbai)

c) C.N. Annadurai Railway Station (Chennai)

d) Lokamanya Tilak Terminus (Pune)

Answer b) Chhartrapati Shivaji Terminus (Mumbai)

12. Which of the following sites recently joined in UNCSCO World Heritage Sites list?

a) Jantar Mantar (Jaipur)

b) Matharan Railway

c) Desert National Park

d) All the above

Answer d) All the above

13. Which Inidan Sites ( in 2006) removed from UNESCO Heritage list?

a) Group of Monuments at Hampi

b) Group of Monuments at Pattadakal

c) Great living Chola Temples

d) Taj Mahal, Agra

Answer a) Group of Monuments at Hampi

14. ‘Colosseum’ which was the Seven wonders of the middle age which is located at?

a) Rome          b) Paris

c) Olympis d) Alexandria

Answer a) Rome  

15. Which of the following is wrongly matched?

7 Natural Wonders         Located at

a) The Grand Canyon - Arizona

b) Iguassus Falls - Argentina

c) The Northern lights - Canada & Alaska

d) Yosemite Valley - China

Answer d) Yosemite Valley - China

16. “The Empire States Building” Which is in ‘Seven Wonders of Today’ that located at?

a) New York b) Washington

c) Istanbul d) Paris

Answer a) New York

17. ‘Hagia Sophia’ located at?

a) Alexandria b) Babylon

c) Istanbul d) Egypt

Answer c) Istanbul

18. The fear of ‘Insects’ is called as Which Phobia?

a) Anthophobia b) Entomophobia

c) Ecelesiophobia d) Dromophobia

Answer b) Entomophobia

19. Of the following Phobia which is wrongly matched?

Fear of   Phobia

a) Water - Hydrophobia

b) Sunlight - Heliophobia

c) Sleep - Hypnophobia

d) Fish - Bathophobia

Answer d) Fish - Bathophobia

20. Fear of women is called as ‘Gynephobia’ in the same way fear of children is called as?

a) Chinophobia b) Androphobia

c) Paedophobia d) Ornithophobia

Answer c) Paedophobia

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What Is Wrong With Our Education?

What Is Wrong With Our Education?

Education implies cultivation of mind to make life tolerable with the acquisition of skills. It has been a part and parcel of human life since antiquity. Education has become the basic human necessity and that is why everyone is keen to learn and educate himself as education equips him with the knowledge necessary to face the challenges of life. There is an increasing realization all the worlds over that only through the right type of education can human beings be make good citizens and a better order of society be built. The real and effective education must be based on the actual environment and the experiences and it must fir the student for the type of work he is expected to do in life.

There has been, currently, a general feeling among the leaders, educationists and thinkers of various disciplines that there is something wrong in the current system of education. No doubt, a plethora of education commissions and committees have been set-up from time to time to look into the problems of the system and suggest measures for improvements. And a great number of experimentation in the processes of education have been undertaken or some of them are underway, but he real needs of the people and the country have not been fulfilled so far.

India is a big country with only two-thirds of her population literate in spite of all the efforts made by the independent India so far. The concept of universalisation of education was introduced only in recent years. Our expenditure on education is less than three per cent of our Gross Domestic Product as against the generally excepted norm of six per cent or even above in the developed world. Developing countries like India cannot afford to spend much on education owing to financial constraints. The Government finds it difficult to sustain its education program to owing to a rapid increase in population. Moreover, the Government itself, preoccupied as it generally is, with political issues and the problems of survival in seats of office, do not seem to have the requisite will and inclination to concentrate on this vital problem of the nation, which offers solution to many national and other problems. The Constitution of India lays down specific provisions for universal education and even mentions a deadline, but inadequate expenditures have always been incurred on this important activity in this country. The adult education and mass-education programmes have suffered set-backs just because of the lack of sincere efforts by the implementing machinery or lack of sufficient funds.

It is true that the present crisis in education is also because of the social growth. More and more people now have access to the modern techniques of acquiring knowledge and education. The necessary facilities of education cannot keep pace with the demand. The masses are creating an ever-widening gap between the opportunities and seekers. The trend of increasing population is unlikely to be modified despite the highly publicized family limitation drives. Obviously there is a need for a far more extensive development in the proper balance. It is very difficult to maintain the quality of education when the stress is given more on the quantity. There has been a mushroom growth of technical training institutes throughout the country which carter to the needs of the growing population of aspiring youth but there has been tremendous deterioration in the quality of training and education as less attention is given to this aspect in these institutions because they are more commercial in spirit. This is a glaring ill-effect arising out of the involvement of the Private Sector in advanced education and training. Private sector needs to be encouraged to play a vital role in the higher education but we need a clear and transparent government policy, both at the Center and in the States because education comes under the Concurrent List in the Constitution of India. The regulatory bodies like All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) and the University Grants Commission (UGC) should be more independent and free form the impact of the Government machinery. Only the institutes with full infrastructure required for the course conforming to the national standards should be granted recognition for the course so that it can produce professionals who can compete well in the world market.

Quite relevant to the problems of present system of education in this county is the defective curricula, the syllabi and the pattern of examinations. All of them do suit neither the students nor the society for which they are going to be prepared. The hue and cry about the curricula and pattern of examinations is so great that some people consider it the real bane of the system and every time when there is a revision of text books and the curricula, the changes worsen the position and do not solve the main problem. It is generally felt that the authorities pay inadequate attention to the problem and are not able to see through the psychologies of the students and the environment for which they are going to be trained and this general carelessness has cost the country heavily. In part, it is the symptom of, the general state of confused society in which very few take their duties seriously and everyone thinks only of cash rewards and, therefore, hurries through his assignments. This state of affairs is, in reality, also the result of poor educational standards which has resulted into diminished social and moral values, among not only the general masses, but also the highly educated and trained professionals.

There is a general tendency with the school authorities to prescribe more and more books for various types of study to the young students. Everyone comments adversely on the sight of young school-going boys and girls carrying bulky loads of books on their backs and usually their back bent by the load. How can we expect to expedite the process of gaining knowledge by prescribing lots of books for study with no time for these growing children for any inadequate thinking? We cannot hope to reform the system of education in such erroneous manner. The process of learning should be a pleasant experience, not a horrible happening which the students today are forced to undergo and which ultimately become the reasons for many youths falling prey to evil ways or resort to strikes and agitations.

The present education policy only ensures that students attend classes regularly, more and more children get admitted and there be less drop-out.  In order to ensure regular attendances, the government has introduced several measures such as the mid-day meals and no failures up to class VII. Here also the stress is on the quantity of students in school, not the quality. Many schools, especially in the rural areas do not have good buildings, teachers and proper teaching aids. The government run schools in urban areas, which cater to the needs of lower class people generally, also present a bad picture. The buildings are not well-maintained; the staff is not properly trained for the job and there is a common lack of interest in the teaching-leaning process in these schools. The government is taking measures for regular refresher courses for the teachers and releasing funds for improvement of the infrastructure of these institutions but enough is not being done on the ground. There is clear demarcation found between the rich and poor in respect of education in big cities. The children of the rich read in private-schools, with good infrastructure and teaching environment, big buildings, laboratories, libraries, playgrounds etc, and the poor send their children to ill-equipped government schools. Obliviously the children belonging to the high-clan get a good quality education and the poor have to be contented with the poor standards all their life. This trend of twin quality education has crept into the small towns and villages also, where small privately run schools are coming with good arrangements and the affluent people prefer to send their children to these schools. Thus the quality of education is becoming expensive day by day as the private schools, even at the basic level, are run by big business tycoons and it produces enormous dividends for them and inaccessible for the common man.

Some people are of the view that education should be completely privatized so that good quality education is available and inefficiency and under-utilization of competent teachers is removed from the education institutions. But there is negative side to the privatization of education. Elitist schools charge exorbitant fees which are beyond the reach of millions of Indians. They create a wedge between the have and have-nots and widen the disparities between the rich and the poor to the betterment of upper classes of society. As such, the solution to problem is, that all basic education should be nationalized and the government should ensure that all schools are equipped well with all facilities so that even the children of the upper crust of the society are to depend on these institutions only. This will naturally improve the standard of these schools as all high-ups in the society including high officials of the government and in business will be interested improving the condition of schools at this level and make all efforts to weed out the system of all the bottle-necks responsible for their poor performance. Along with the nationalization of basic education, the higher education can be fully privatized to generate funds which can be used to manage the basic educations also. The government can easily manage to withdraw itself from the field of higher education and save crores of rupees which are presently spent in the management of big institutions in the field of science, technology and medicine besides management studies and high-technological degrees. The money thus saved can be purposefully used to improve primary and secondary education by making the institutions of government at this level, better places for teaching-learning process. After putting in such a healthy mechanism in place, there will be a simultaneous change in the curricula or syllabi to suit the interest of the common man.

Education is becoming highly specialized today and the interested students can take the advantage of better facilities provided by the better equipped institutions in the private sector. A poor country like

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